Abstract
Coagulation management and transfusion medicine are at the forefront of any anesthesia practice. In this chapter we explore all the elements of coagulation, the numerous coagulation disruptions that contribute to perioperative bleeding and related transfusion therapies. Updates regarding anticoagulation with heparin, alternatives to heparin and emerging anticoagulants are explored. Patient related coagulation deficiencies, including cardiopulmonary bypass management in heparin induced thrombocytopenia are re-visited. Lastly, blood conservation measures and transfusion recommendations are apprised using the most recent guidelines. This chapter is intended to be foundational for anyone managing complex surgical patients.