Abstract
In this chapter, the authors review research related to regimen adherence in pediatric patients with chronic health conditions. They focus on illustrative research in the areas of chronic illness, because considerable research has been conducted in the areas of pediatric diabetes and asthma. The authors also review research on evidence‐based interventions to promote adherence and then considers the issues of parental involvement, adaptations to interventions, and assessment of regimen adherence. Educational interventions for adherence provide verbal or written information about the nature of childhood illness and the various treatment options and strategies for disease management. Behavioral interventions are problem focused and address specific behaviors and barriers that preclude patients from optimal regimen adherence. Psychological interventions for disease management provide a comprehensive approach to addressing adherence. These interventions often target self‐management skills as well as emotional components, such as patient and family adjustment to the diagnosis.