Abstract
This chapter contains sections titled:
Introduction
Rationale for avoiding cardioplegic arrest in aortic and mitral valve operations
“Beating heart” surgery and “warm heart” surgery
Aortic valve operations on the beating heart
Mitral valve operations on the beating heart
Combined aortic and mitral valve operations on the beating heart
Concomitant valve surgery and coronary artery bypass grafting on the beating heart
Conclusions