Abstract
In this chapter on the medical evaluation of anxiety conditions, the case of Ms. T, a 45yearold woman with acuteonset severe anxiety symptoms, serves as a focal point for understanding the importance of thorough medical assessment in such cases. Ms. T’s history, physical examination, and laboratory findings are explored to highlight key indicators that can point clinicians toward underlying medical illnesses causing anxiety symptoms. This chapter emphasizes that anxiety symptoms can sometimes be a result of medical conditions, medications, or substances, rather than a primary anxiety disorder. Several medical conditions commonly associated with anxiety are discussed. The importance of a comprehensive medical evaluation is emphasized. It underscores the need for clinicians to consider and investigate medical conditions that can mimic or exacerbate anxiety symptoms to ensure appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Early identification and appropriate management of underlying medical causes are essential for providing optimal care to patients presenting with anxiety.