Abstract
Posterior segment complications are seen in a significant number of eyes having a keratoprosthesis (KPro) and are associated with poor visual outcomes. As the use of KPro increases dramatically, so too does the frequency of posterior segment complications seen by the vitreoretinal surgeon in this patient population, as well as the importance of addressing them expeditiously. Special consideration in diagnostic imaging and surgical planning is required in addressing the most common complications: retroprosthetic membrane (RPM), retinal detachments (RD) and other vitreous pathology, hypotony, glaucoma, epiretinal membranes (ERM), endophthalmitis, and vascular complications. This chapter seeks to summarize the diagnosis and treatment of each of these entities in the setting of KPro.