Abstract
The lumbar plexus, origin and course of peripheral nerves, and anterolateral lumbar spinal column are all located within the lateral retroperitoneal space. In order for one to safely access these structures surgically, not only must the anatomy of the spine and neural elements be mastered, but an understanding of the lateral abdominal wall, retroperitoneal space and contents, and their relationships are essential. In an attempt to minimize tissue destruction and improve outcomes, less invasive surgical approaches have been described that take advantage of this surgical corridor. This chapter includes a clinically focused anatomical review and description of traditional and minimally invasive surgical techniques.