Abstract
Our understanding of relationships between the microbiome and health and disease states continuously evolves with mounting research suggesting the presence of a “gut–eye” axis. In this chapter, we discuss this relationship with a focus on how the gut, ocular surface, and other microbiomes relate to eye pathologies, specifically Sjögren’s Syndrome, glaucoma, uveitis, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and endophthalmitis.