Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disorder occurring in premature infants’ retinas. With the advances in neonatal care in recent years, ophthalmologists are increasingly encountering premature babies, who have higher risks of developing ROP. The occurrence and severity of ROP depend on several factors, which have been reported by various clinical trials. This chapter demonstrates the evolution of several aspects of major clinical trials in ROP, including its treatment, the role of oxygen in ROP development, and the roles of light and nutrients in ROP.