Abstract
Data visualization is a powerful analytic tool that enables researchers to explore and interpret the complexities of human experience and present findings in ways accessible to others. The process of constructing a visual representation enables researchers to pull together multiple patterns and themes derived from the data to (1) better understand and describe participants’ experiences in a holistic and meaningful way, and (2) facilitate the process of making connections between the findings and existing theory. We view this process as a form of thick description and a way to establish trustworthiness of findings and methodological rigor.
Researchers have used a variety of media, tools, and methods for visual construction in previous studies, including word clouds, visual metaphors, photo collage, and sculpture. The process has become increasingly popular, and the emergence of graphic and photo technologies have made these methods accessible to researchers with little or no previous artistic experience. Constructing effective visuals, however, can be daunting, particularly for novice researchers and graduate students. Moreover, the complexities and abstract nature of data visualization and visual construction can be challenging to teach.
In this chapter, we offer strategies to teach visual construction using a structured and supportive approach, as well as tips and common pitfalls for the novice researcher and teachers of qualitative research. We also illustrate the value of a social constructivist approach to teaching through one doctoral student’s retrospective reflections on his experience of visual construction first in the classroom, and then during his dissertation research. We integrate specific examples of his work throughout the chapter. These examples show the value of social constructivism in the evolution of a powerful visual representation that effectively illustrates the emotional and life changing experiences of his participants.