Abstract
Movement and circulation within and beyond Haiti’s borders are inherent characteristics of Haitian society. From captivity to the middle passage, enslavement to the Haitian revolution, the population has always been on the move. Haiti’s independence in the early 19 th century only reframed the sociopolitical economic parameters of movement and circulation of its people. National and international forces have designed different mechanisms to regiment indentured Haitian workers in the construction of the Panama Canal, on early 20 th century plantations in Cuba and, more recently, in the Dominican Republic and beyond. Serial disasters, agrarian instability, social neglect and political cynicism