Abstract
Ectropion is a commonly encountered eyelid malposition characterized by eversion of the eyelid margin away from the globe. Although the upper or lower eyelid may be affected, this condition more commonly involves the lower eyelid. Chronic exposure of the globe and palpebral conjunctiva results in dry eye symptoms with reflex tearing. The exposed palpebral conjunctiva becomes inflamed and may develop metaplastic changes of epidermalization. An exposed punctum can become stenotic, contributing to tear outflow impairment. Additionally, corneal exposure may lead to epithelial breakdown, with increased risk of infectious keratitis. Upper eyelid ectropion often results from cicatricial changes of the anterior lamella related to previous injury, such as laceration or burn. Iatrogenic upper eyelid ectropion may occasionally occur after ptosis repair or blepharoplasty.