Abstract
What color is citizenship? Anyone trying to make sense of the mad claim that Britain exemplified nineteenth century liberal ideals when it specialized at that very moment in imperialism, or that Jefferson was a great democratic theorist and activist at the same time as he owned people. Those issues continue to resonate today, as constitutions wrestle with indigenous and immigrant peoples' rights, whether they are minorities or majorities.
The color we're referring to here is not, however, primarily to do with race, although such identities factor into it in important ways.1 The color is green (i.e., ecological, environmental or green citzenship). What does that modifier mean?