Abstract
This paper studies the potential of a flapped coflow jet (FCFJ) wing design to achieve ultra-high cruise lift coefficients (C-L) under low Reynolds number conditions in the Martian atmosphere. Building upon prior research demonstrating high cruise C-L on a 2D FCFJ airfoil, this study investigates the performance of 3D wings constructed using the same airfoil, with a focus on understanding the impact of induced drag on overall aerodynamic efficiency. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted using a validated 3D RANS solver incorporating the Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model, a third-order WENO scheme for inviscid fluxes, and second-order central differencing for viscous terms. The investigation centered on a 3D FCFJ wing with an aspect ratio (AR) of 20 at a Mach number (M) of 0.17 and a Reynolds number R-e of 5.63 x 10(4). A extraordinarily high cruise C-L of 3.5 and a corrected lift-to-drag ratio (C-L/C-D)(c) of 7.5 are obtained using a circular tip cap, a flap deflection angle beta of 35 degrees, and an injection size of 0.6%C. These results in an ultra-high productivity efficiency (C-L(2)/C-D)(c) of 26.25 at a very low Reynolds number. This research has laid an important foundation for the design of a fixed wing aircraft capable of ultra-high cruise C-L and productivity efficiency to fly in thin Martian atmosphere.