Abstract
The surgical techniques proposed to restore accommodation past the onset of presbyopia can be categorized in two classes, those based of scleral expansion and those based on intraocular lens implantation and lens capsule refilling. This paper describes and discusses the different techniques and summarizes the results of clinical and experimental animal trials. Restoration of accommodation has been demonstrated by at least two different teams in non-human senile primates using modifications of the lens capsule refilling technique originally described by Julius Kessler in the late fifties. The advent of recent advances in microsurgery, devices, and injectable polymers are very promising and human clinical trials may soon be envisaged.
