Abstract
Different techniques have been developed for parameter extraction and segmentation of the impedance cardiogram for improved reliability and precision of beat-to-beat determination of systolic time intervals, stroke volume, and related cardiac indices. The solutions presented improve on previous techniques by: (1) substantially reducing jitter in the localization of events within the cardiac cycle; (2) providing exact determination of signal amplitudes even in the presence of artifacts and interference signals; and (3) eliminating the influence of respiratory signal modulation on parameter extraction.< >
