Abstract
Adherence to medical regimens is a difficult and costly issue among individuals with chronic illness, with rates of adherence generally less than 50%. Many types of adherence interventions have been developed to address this issue, including educational, organizational, and multi-component or behavioral interventions. Of these interventions, multi-component or behavioral have been the most effective at improving adherence, yet they have failed to produce lasting gains in adherence or clinical outcomes. This may be due to providers’ and consumers’ lack of perceived acceptability of the intervention. Treatment acceptability may significantly affect how an intervention is implemented, as well as its efficacy. This study assessed the acceptability of a brief, behavioral intervention to improve adherence in adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF) implemented by healthcare providers within the specialty clinic setting. Using the Behavioral Interventionist Satisfaction Survey (BISS), this study: 1) assessed HCPs’ perceptions of the acceptability, feasibility, and utility of problem-solving, 2) examined associations among the six scales of the BISS, 3) determined the impact of HCP characteristics on BISS scale scores, 4) examined associations between BISS scale scores and HCPs’ treatment fidelity, and 5) content analyzed qualitative responses on the BISS. The BISS was found to be psychometrically valid, and scores on the BISS indicated HCPs found PS highly acceptable, feasible, and generalizable. No differences in BISS scale scores were found based on HCP characteristics. HCPs reported encountering significant clinic-level barriers while implementing PS.