Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The new AHA/ACC guidelines define high blood pressure requiring lifestyle changes and treatment at 130/80 mmHg, rather than 140/90 mmHg, allowing for earlier detection, prevention, and management of high blood pressure. This might enable better cardiovascular outcomes. Sleep and sleep duration, has been associated with cardiovascular outcomes. However, there is no literature that examines the relationship between sleep measures and the new high blood pressure guidelines.
Methods
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a collection of cross-sectional surveys based on nationally representative samples of the US civilian non-institutionalized population, utilizing a stratified, multistage sampling design to recruit participants from households. Utilizing data from NHANES, high blood pressure was defined as systolic blood pressure >130 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure >80 mmHg as per the new guidelines. Self-reported sleep duration was determined from household interview questions with about sleep duration, less than usual sleep duration or more than usual amount of sleep. Statistical hypotheses were tested using chi-square tests and logistic regressions to estimate the likelihood of high blood pressure among adults with varying sleep groupings.
Results
When high blood pressure is redefined by the new guidelines, there are varying differences in the percentage of individuals reporting less than usual amount of sleep in each category of increased blood pressure. Among individuals classified as having elevated blood pressure by the new guidelines, 63.4% of individuals reported having less than usual amount of sleep versus 62.2% based on the old guidelines. Among individuals classified as having Stage 1 hypertension by the new guidelines, 59.5% reported less than usual sleep versus 65.3% based on the old guidelines. For those classified as having Stage 2 hypertension based on the new guidelines, 64.5% of individuals reported less than usual sleep versus 60% based on the old guidelines.
Conclusion
The new high blood pressure classifications allowed for significant differences in percentage of individuals reporting less than usual sleep by comparison with the old hypertension guidelines.
Support (If Any)
Grant K07AG052685.
