Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Body fat percentage (%BF) may characterize more precisely adiposity and diabetes (DM) risk. However, there is limited evidence on %BF and body mass indices (BMI) among people with and without DM.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 2011-2018 NHANES, including adults (>18years) with no diabetes (NoDM), newly diagnosed (self-reported DM within 1year) and undiagnosed diabetes (NewDM) or established diabetes (self-reported DM >1 year). We compared mean and distributions of %BF and BMI and cardiometabolic parameters, stratified by sex, for people with NoDM, NewDM and established DM.
Results: Among 22,560 participants, 82.4% (n: 18,579), 5.6% (n: 1,259) and 12.1% (n: 2,722) had NoDM, NewDM and established DM, respectively. People with established DM were older (61.1±13 [DM] vs. 55.7±15 [NewDM] vs. 45.1±18 years [NoDM]). Among males and females, mean BMIs were similar: 28.4±0.1 vs. 28.7±01(NoDM), 32.8±0.4 vs. 35.1±0.5 (NewDM), 31.8±0.3 vs. 34.0±0.3 kg/m2 (DM), respectively. %BF was significantly different between females and males (26.8%±0.1 vs. 38.3%±0.2 [NoDM], 31.2%±0.5 vs. 42.6%±0.5 [NewDM], 29.9±.0.4% vs. 42.0±0.4% [DM], respectively. Cardiometabolic parameters were highest in people with established DM (Table 1).
Conclusion: Differences in %BF across diabetes risk and sex groups were more remarkable than for BMI. %BF may improve risk stratification of DM.