Abstract
Human telomeric G-rich sequences can fold back into various conformations depending upon the salt (Na
or K
) at physiological pH. On the basis of results obtained by native PAGE electrophoresis, circular dichroism, and UV-melting experiments, we report here that truncated sequences of human telomere (d-GGGTTAGGG; GM9, d-AGGGTTAGGG; GM10, d-TAGGGTTAGGG; GM11) adopt a varied range of quadruplex conformations as a function of the cation present. By correlating CD and gel electrophoresis experiments; it was concluded that the GM9 oligonucleotide can self-associate to form a tetramer quadruplex (antiparallel; AP) in Na
solution and a mixture of G-triplex (AP) or tri-G-quadruplex (parallel; P) along with a tetramer G-quadruplex structure (AP) in K
. The GM10 oligonucleotide formed a bimolecular G-quadruplex in both Na
and K
solutions, while GM11 associated to form a bimolecular G-quadruplex (AP) structure in Na
solution and a mixture of bimolecular G-quadruplex (AP) and bimolecular G-quadruplex (P) along with parallel G-triplex or antiparallel tri-G-quadruplex in K
. All the UV-melting profiles, thermal difference spectra, and CD melting curves suggested the formation of a variety of G-quadruplex conformations by the DNA sequences studied in Na
and K
ions. Hypothetical models for different conformations adopted by these DNA molecules have also been proposed, which may further enhance our knowledge about the divergent topologies of guanine quadruplexes.
