Abstract
Introduction:
Occupation types, e.g. service, have been associated with hypertension (HTN). Data from Hispanics/Latinos are limited, despite high rates of HTN-related morbidity. We examined prevalence of HTN status and awareness by occupation type and association of occupation type with HTN status among Hispanic/Latino adults.
Methods:
Baseline data from HCHS/SOL, a cohort of diverse Hispanics/Latinos ages 18-74 in 2008-11, were used. Participants (N=7,429, mean age 38.9 years) reported current occupation (definition in Table). HTN was defined as elevated blood pressure (≥ 140/≥90 mm Hg) or self-reported use of antihypertensives; HTN awareness as self-reported physician diagnosed HTN. Survey statistical analyses were weighted and stratified by sex. Effect modification by years in the US, language and social acculturation was tested.
Results:
Non-skilled worker was the most common occupation type (males 30.1%; females 25.3%). Age-adjusted prevalence of HTN was highest in service workers (males 20.7%; females 17.4%); lowest in non-skilled workers (males 15.5 %; females 14.2%). The prevalence of HTN awareness was lowest in non-skilled male workers (48.2%); highest in females in higher status occupations (76.8%). The association of occupation type with HTN status varied by social acculturation (i.e. preferred ethnicity of social relations). In males, service workers with low social acculturation (preferred Hispanic/Latino social relations) had lower odds of HTN compared to those in higher status occupations, while service or skilled workers with high social acculturation had higher odds of HTN. Female non-skilled workers with low social acculturation had higher odds of HTN compared to higher status occupations (Table).
Conclusions:
Among Hispanics/Latinos, prevalence of HTN status and awareness varies by occupation type. Occupation type and social acculturation are jointly associated with HTN status. Strategies for HTN prevention and awareness should take into account occupational differences.