Abstract
Chandipura Virus (CHPV) is a vesiculovirus which has emerged as a tropical pathogen. CHPV epidemic in India killed thousands of children in India. In this review comprehensive information regarding epidemic, life cycle, pathogenesis, prevention, treatment and vaccines for CHPV is elaborated. [Display omitted]
► Chandipura Virus (CHPV) infestation shows symptoms similar to encephalitis and is fatal. ► Children are major patient group with high mortality rates in India. ► Detection of viral RNA is done by nested RT-PCR rather by IgM anti-CHPV antibodies. ► Intracranial administration of P gene siRNA protects mice from CHPV infection. ► Vero cell based vaccine candidate against CHPV was developed and evaluated for immunogenicity in mice.
Chandipura Virus (CHPV), a member of Rhabdoviridae, is responsible for an explosive outbreak in rural areas of India. It affects mostly children and is characterized by influenza-like illness and neurologic dysfunctions. It is transmitted by vectors such as mosquitoes, ticks and sand flies. An effective real-time one step reverse-transcriptase PCR assay method is adopted for diagnosis of this virus. CHPV has a negative sense RNA genome encoding five different proteins (N, P, M, G, and L). P protein plays a vital role in the virus's life cycle, while M protein is lethal in nature. There is no specific treatment available to date, symptomatic treatment involves use of mannitol to reduce brain edema. A Vero cell based vaccine candidate against CHPV was evaluated efficiently as a preventive agent against it. Prevention is the best method to suppress CHPV infection. Containment of disease transmitting vectors, maintaining good nutrition, health, hygiene and awareness in rural areas will help in curbing the menace of CHPV. Thus, to control virus transmission some immense preventive measures need to be attempted until a good anti-CHPV agent is developed.
