Abstract
•SPES was developed as a 24-item, four-factor instrument for prebriefing assessment.•SPES demonstrated strong validity, reliability, and satisfactory model fit.•SPES provides a framework to evaluate and enhance prebriefing quality in simulation.
The prebriefing phase fosters psychological safety and engagement, yet no validated tool exists to assess its quality.
Using a methodological design, data from 401 nursing students were analyzed with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.
The 24-item Simulation Prebriefing Experience Scale identified four factors—Learning Readiness, Structural Integrity, Psychological Safety, and Provision of Preparatory Materials—explaining 76.4% of variance, with good model fit and high reliability.
The Simulation Prebriefing Experience Scale demonstrated strong validity and reliability, supporting its use to evaluate and enhance prebriefing quality in simulation-based education.