Abstract
To review and critically appraise the recent literature about new surgical techniques for the management of large or recurrent macular holes.
A variety of surgical approaches have recently been developed ranging from autologous retinal grafts to amniotic membrane transplant with varying levels of anatomical and visual success.
More data is needed to determine if one technique is superior to others. However, with a variety of grafts, adhesives, and tamponades at their disposal, vitreoretinal surgeons have an extensive array of options to approach complex macular holes.
