Abstract
Alzheimer’s
disease (AD) is a debilitating disorder characterized
by age-related dementia, which has no effective treatment to date.
β-Amyloid depositions and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins
are the main pathological hallmarks, along with oxidative stress,
N
-methyl-
d
-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated excitotoxicity,
and low levels of acetylcholine. Current pharmacotherapy
for AD only provides symptomatic relief and limited improvement in
cognitive functions. Many molecules have been explored that show promising
outcomes in AD therapy and can regulate cellular survival through
different pathways. To have a vivid approach to strategize the treatment
regimen, AD physiopathology should be better explained considering
diverse etiological factors in conjunction with biochemical disturbances.
This Review attempts to discuss different disease modification approaches
and address the novel therapeutic targets of AD that might pave the
way for new drug discovery using the well-defined targets for therapy
of the disease.
