Abstract
Some organisms can produce their own food through a process called photosynthesis. These organisms transform light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into sugars, which allow them to grow their bodies, reproduce, and be a source of energy for other organisms. Studying photosynthesis in nature and in the laboratory has given scientists important insights into the effects of climate change on plants and other photosynthetic organisms. For example, such studies help scientists understand whether there will continue to be enough food for humans to eat as the climate changes. In this article, we discuss the importance of photosynthetic organisms; how light energy, carbon dioxide, and water are transformed into sugar during photosynthesis; the challenges that today’s land plants face; and how and why scientists measure photosynthesis in plants.