Abstract
Textbook oncological outcome (TOO) is a composite metric for surgical outcomes, including non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We hypothesized that social determinants of health (SDH) can affect both TOO achievement and the overall survival (OS) of surgically resected NSCLC with pathological nodal disease.
We queried the National Cancer Database (2010-2017) for preoperative therapy-naïve lobectomies for NSCLC with tumor size <7 cm and pathologic N1/N2. Socioeconomic factors comprised SDH scores, where SDH negative (−) was considered if SDH ≥2 (disadvantage); otherwise, SDH was positive (+). TOO+ was defined as R0 resection, ≥5 lymph nodes resected, hospital stay <75th percentile, no 30-day mortality, adjuvant chemotherapy initiation ≤3 months, and no unplanned readmission. If one of these parameters was not achieved, the case was considered TOO–.
Of 11,274 patients, 48% of cases were TOO+ and 38% were SDH+. A total of 15% of patients were SDH– and were less likely (adjusted odds ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.92) to achieve TOO+ than patients with SDH+. After accounting for confounders, patients with TOO+ had 22% lower overall mortality than patients with TOO– (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.78; CI, 0.73-0.82). In contrast, SDH– remained an independently significant risk factor, reducing survival by 24% compared with SDH+ (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.24; CI, 1.17-1.32). The impact of SDH on OS was significant for both patients with TOO+ and TOO–: SDH+/TOO+ had the best OS and SDH–/TOO–had the worst OS.
SDH score has a significant association with TOO achievement and TOO-driven overall posttreatment survival in patients with lobectomy-resected NSCLC with postoperative pathologic N1/N2 nodal metastasis. Addressing SDH is important to optimize care and long-term survival of this patient population.