Abstract
BACKGROUND: Time is considered a fundamental driver of treatment success in ischemic stroke reperfusion therapy. First-pass reperfusion (FPR) is associated with improved outcomes. We explored the association between time to reperfusion, FPR, and functional outcomes in an analysis of the STRATIS (Systematic Evaluation of Patients Treated With Neurothrombectomy Devices for Acute Ischemic Stroke) registry data.
METHODS: Registry patients with anterior circulation stroke, treated with endovascular thrombectomy and achieving complete or near-complete expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction scale (eTICI) 2c/3 reperfusion per core laboratory assessment were included. FPR was considered eTICI 2c/3 reperfusion in a single device pass. Patients undergoing multipass reperfusion required >= 2 device passes to achieve the same, total, or near-total reperfusion (eTICI 2c/3). Logistic regression was used to model functional independence, defined as a modified Rankin scale score of 0 to 2 at 3 months, as a function of time to reperfusion, comparing FPR and multipass reperfusion patient populations.
RESULTS: Of the 984 patients in the STRATIS registry, 563 patients achieved eTICI 2c/3 reperfusion of anterior circulation large-vessel occlusions and were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. In patients undergoing multipass reperfusion (n=186), increased time to treatment was associated with a decreased likelihood of a good clinical outcome. Odds ratio for every 60-minute delay to treatment: 0.71 (95% CI, 0.55-0.90; P=0.005). However, in patients undergoing FPR (n=377), no association between increased time to treatment and good clinical outcomes was observed (odds ratio for every 60-minute delay to treatment, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.79-1.09]; P=0.347).
CONCLUSION: First-pass reperfusion may compensate for the effects of delays to reperfusion on functional outcomes in ischemic stroke.